phase locked loop capture range and lock range

In a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL), capture range and lock range are two crucial specifications that define its ability to synchronize with an external signal. Here's a breakdown of each:

Capture Range:

• Definition: The capture range is the range of frequencies over which the PLL can initially synchronize (lock onto) an external input signal. Imagine it as the "window" where the PLL can "grab" the incoming signal and start aligning its own internal oscillator (VCO) to match it.
• Characteristics: The capture range is typically wider than the lock range. This means the PLL can initially acquire a wider range of frequencies, but maintaining that lock within a narrower range becomes crucial.